Új Világ, 1993. július-december (22. évfolyam, 26-49. szám)

1993-09-24 / 36. szám

FIFTY THOUSAND HUNGARIAN MARTYRS REPORT ABOUT THE HUNGARIAN HOLOCAUST IN JUGOSLAVIA 1944-1992 From 1944 up to 1992 fifty thousand Hungarians fell victims to the Titoist blood feud. After the decay of the communist Jugoslavia the post-Bolshevist Ser­bian leaders have been slaughtering the Hungarians and expelling them from their homeland up to now in order to establish the homogeneous people's state. Their houses are either razed to the ground or assigned together with their lands and properties to the removing Serbians from Bosnia. The free nations, the UNO and the countries united in it forgive the sacrifice and ruining of the Hungarians. They do not do anything so that the Hungarians, suffering enormous losses in human life, could stay on the land of their ancestors. The number of the Hungarian martyrs is in­creasing day by day. How long does the democratic public opinion of the World fjave patience? This report is about the slaughtering and expelling of the Hungarian minority in Serbia. L1J VILA1993. szeptember 24. _ Turkish subjection of the country begun which took about 150 years then. In the permanent defensive fights of the occupation of 150 years the most part of the Hungarian inhabitants died out. In 1686 with the help of the Hapsburgs they succeeded to drive out the conquerors from Hungary. That is why it could not retrieve its independence but it got under the op­pression of the alien Hapsburg House. Though the Turks could not in­trude Western Europe, significant part of the Hungarian population was extirpated in Hungary. Instead of the extirpated population Slovakians in the North, Roumanians in the East, Serbians in the South were settled by the noblemen of foreign nationality and the Hapsburg rulers. Hun­gary was no more to be homogenous national state because of this. The Hapsburg despotism took 180 years. This time was the period of continuously repeating Hungarian national fights for freedom. The largest two were the war, conducted by Ferenc Rákóczi which took 8 years (1703-1711) then the burgeois revolution and war of independence between 1848-1849. The Hapsburg House of Austria could not defeat the Hungarian armies by itself, therefore asked for help from the „Gendarme of Europe", the Russian czar, Nicholas I. The enormous Russian superior force compelled the Hungarian army to capitulate on 13th August 1849. The Hapsburg emperor, Francis Joseph I and the chancery took bloody vengeance on the Hungarians. They had 13 commanding generals of the Hungarian army executed on gallows. They had the Hungarian patriots participating in the war of independence shot, hung and sent to dungeon. This period of vengeance is called the first Hungarian epoch of rope. The compromise with the alien dynasty took place only in 1867 when Francis Joseph I, emperor of Austria was crowned Hungarian king, too. By this the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was established. Hungary got into the first World War (1914-1918) just through this dis­astrous confederation. On the different battlefields 661 000 Hungarian soldiers died the death of heroes. The armistice, concluded on 3ra November 1918 in Padova left the thousand year old frontiers of Hun­gary still untouched. But the so called „Natonal Council" which was created as the result of the war-defeat, demobilized and disbanded the army returning from the front lines. Thus it had no military forces for re­pulsing of the Slovakian, Roumanian and Serbian troops attacking the country. The anarchy spreading all over the country made possible the proclamation of the Hungarian(Soviet)Republic on 21st March 1919 fol­lowing the example of the Russian Bolshevism. The communist regime which took 133 days absolutely ruined Hungary. During this period the red terror had around 590 persons executed. This was the second epoch of rope. After the subversion of the communist dictatorship Miklós Hor­thy admiral assumed the power on first of August of 1919. He was elected governor of the country. On 4tn June 1920 the Trianon dictated peace treaty was signed in Ver­sailles according to which Hungary was punished by the most unjust con­ditions of peace among the former war losing parties. The territory of the country was reduced from 283 000 km2 to 93 000 km2, the number of the inhabitants from 18,2 million to 7,6 million. Taking into consideration only the inhabitants whose mother tongue was Hungarian 26 000 people to Austria, 1 072 000 people to Czechoslovakia, 465 000 people to Jugoslavia, 1 664 000 people to Roumania were annexed. This cruel curtailment of the country was one of the reasons that in the second World War Hungary joined Germany which supported its revisionist efforts while the Allies continuously refused the Hungarian requests. The other reason of the ac­cession was that Hungary knew on the basis of empirical facts what the Bolshevist social order did mean. From 1938 the country got back continu­ously Upper Northern Hungary, Transylvania (East Hungary) and the Hungarian populated parts of Vajdaság (South Hungary). In 1942 the communist partisans of Tito made a raid into the Vajdaság returned to Hungary i.e. to the territory of Bácska. Hungarian soldiers even whole battalions were often victims of attacks. On 4th January a whole battalion was attacked on Zsablya and Csurog. 6 Hungarian soldiers were killed. A military razzia was commanded in order to find the partisans in the town of Novisad and its surroundings. Because of the individual encroach­ments of the Hungarian commanders 4000 people fell victims. The Hungarian government - first on the World - established the war crimi­nality of the commanders. On 14th December 1943 the responsible per­sons were tried by the court-martial. Among them were 2 generals. Before the verdict the Hapsburg Albrecht archduke helped the defendants to escape to Germany. They were taken to Hungarian Court only after finish­ing the war where they were punished by the most heavy penalties. In autumn of 1944 the communist partisans of Tito and the units of the Soviet army marched in the Hungarian living Bácska and Novisad be­hind the retreating Hungarian troops. On 20th October the Serbian re­venge has begun which goes on even up to now and to which 50 000 Hungarians have been fallen victims so far. * Márton Szűcs, retired rural dean and József Kovács, retired parson, both of them were born in Bácska, examined the history of the Roman catholic parishes. They asked the priests of the villages. After this they wrote secretly because of the threat of the communist regime their memento with the title „Silence of the Dead" about 40 000 Hungarians innocently executed in Bácska, Vajdaság. To record the numbers of the murders and their authentic history was recklessness but as they were living in the Jugoslavian communist state they had no courage to publish the records. Only after their death the documents got into the possession of Tibor Cseres, Hungarian writer who wrote his book „Blood feud in Bácska" which was published in 1991 on the basis of the documents. In October-November of 1944 - the pious fathers write - storm of blood swept over the gentle fields of Bácska. When the Hungarian army retreated from Bácska in October of 1944 the Soviet army crossed the river Tisza. Under the shadow of the Soviet troops, quasi under their pro­tection communist partisans of Tito marched to the territories left unpro­tected. They were called „Army liberating the People" which was allied with England, France and the United States. Ivan Rukovina brigadier general was appointed commander of the military government in Bácska and Vajdaság (Vojvodina). He was in continuous and direct connection with Tito marshal, with the generalissimo. Already in his first imperative warning, on 22nd of October Rukovina asked his troops to „maintain the Southern Slavian character of the national future and territory." This gave a hidden command for the modification of the existing ethnical sit­uation i.e. for the extermination of the Hungarians and Germans. The communist partisans allied with the Atlantic powers fulfilled this warn­ing thoroughly. They killed 40 000 persons only from the Hungarians. In the „Slobodna Vojvodina of Novisad", the newspaper of the Communist United Front in Vajdaság there was published an article with the title of „Historical decision" dated 28 October 1944. Among others it says: „though we have destroyed the German and Hungarian conquering hordes (how the Hungarians could have been conquerors when they marched into their one thousand year old territories occupied by the Ser- =®-------------- Hungary ’ JODAY HISTORICAL INFORMATION The Hungarian Republic is situated along the middle reaches of the rivers Danube and Tisza, between 45°45'-48° N and 16°5'-22°55’ E in the middle of the Carpathian Basin in Central Europe, enclosed by the parts of the Alps, Carpathians and Dinaric mountains. More than the half of its whole surface is a plain not higher than 200 m above sea level, resp. it is a lowland. Its most lofty point is Kékestető with 1015 m. The exact determination of the original home of the Hungarians is the subject of debates even today. Some people think that the Finno-Ugrian origin is the real one and they determinate the country of origin at the Eastern tributaries of the river Volga. While other researchers vote for the Sumeric origin of the Hungarians and put the birth of the Hungarian people to Mezopothamia. In the beginning centuries of our era the Hungarians dealing with nomad animal husbandry were living in confederation of tribes North of the Black Sea on the steppe territory along the river Don. In the 8-9th century they got into the province of the Khazarian Empire. They were forced by the Pecheneg tribes, threatening the country of the Khazarians, into the territory between the river Dnyeper and Lower Danube, West of the river Don. Because of the pressure of further attack, under the leader­ship of their prince Arpad they overran the country through the Char­­pathian passes in 895-896 and occupied the whole Carpathian basin. The establishment of the kingdom on the Western model is connected with the name of István (Saint) I (997-1038) who embraced the Roman Christianity and who was crowned king with the crown received from the Pope. During the one thousand years spent in the Carpathian basin the offen­sive armies, overrunning from East to West, attacking Europe broke under the resistance of the Hungarians. The fundamental laws of the feudal rights, the Hungarian Golden Bull is of the same age as the Eng­lish Magna Charta. The attack of the Comanians threatening the West was driven back by King László (Saint) I in 1085. In 1240-A1 King Béla IV protected Western Europe against the Mongolian hordes. From 1440 the Hungarian army commanded by János Hunyadi drove back the Turkish attacks. In 1456 Hunyadi won such a great victory over the Turks at Nán­dorfehérvár that one century was necessary for that they could launch their armies towards the West. The Apostolic See in Rome ordered the noonday bells in memory of this victory. In the reign of King Mathias Corvinus (1458-1490) the number of the inhabitants of Hungary was equal to the population of the Kingdom of England. In 1526 at Mohács, town in South Hungary Sultan Suleiman II de­stroyed the armies of the Hungarian king. The ruler, Louis II lost his life on the battlefield. In 1541 the Turks occupied Buda and by this the m (ODD Ci> DODI 111 fl111 UlHl111 III HIMII '’iiniiii1P^ *

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