Turul 2013 (A Magyar Heraldikai és Genealógiai Társaság Közlönye)

4. füzet - 4. Summary of Turul 2013 (ford. SZERÉNYI ILDIKÓ)

160 customary in the era to show the whole coat of arms in stamped signatures and not only a part of it. TIBOR NEUMANN: About the Use of the Coat of Arms of the Szapolyais. A Response to the Study of Márton Gyöngyössy. The author repeats his earlier statement: the use of the wolf in the Szapolyai coat of arms can be traced from 1461, while the unicorn only from 1486. He argues that there is no proof that the unicorn - except for the flag of the tombstone of István Szapolyai and the dinars in connection - has ever been depicted separately: the unicorn seal from the year 1495 entered into the professional literature as a mistake from the 18th century, its real existence has never been proved. According to the author's assumption István depicted the unicorn on his dinars, because probably he himself - and not his brother - gained it as a coat of arms extension between 1477 and 1486, supposedly together with the count title of Szepes. This could justify why he liked the unicorn better, than his brother. He accepts Gyöngyössy's arguments that the wheel, as a stamped signature on the coins of Nagybánya cannot be connected to the ancient coat of arms of the Szapolyai family. At the same time he calls the attention to some minor oversights and uncertainties from the earlier professional literature that can also be traced in his debate partner's writing. 2013/3.: According to the introduction of editor Eleonóra Kovács, the thematic issue puts one topic in the centre: namely people who left their social class, sometimes broke norms, or thanks to their abilities they could be regarded as exceptional and outstanding personalities. These people were eagerly seeking new ways. What kind of questions did they encounter? What solutions did they find and what impression did their fates make to the social environment? ÁDÁM ERDÉSZ: Way to the Middle-Class. The Rise of the Márki family. The family of the historian Sándor Márki is blessed of good abilities and dauntlessness. The study outlines the rise of this middle-class family; it shows the progress from financial, educational and social point of views. The ancestor of the family, János Márki was a bailiff of the Count Almásy family in Sarkad. Following the life of his descendants it can be fairly well pointed out what ways opened up for the rising civilians. Beyond reconstructing the family history, you also have the opportunity to get to know the mentality and the spirituality of the family members. ELEONÓRA KOVÁCS: 'Words in Vain' Júlia Apraxin's (Wife of Count Artúr Batthyány) Attempt to Make her Way Among Intellectual Artists. The paper writes about an aristocratic woman, who wishes to become an intellectual artist, but after a short experience turns back to her original social environment. The most prominent years of her career are the ones between 1860 and 1864; these are the years when she had been part of the Hungarian literal and theatrical life. In her case the cultural interferences worked not only by means of her aristocratic 'multi-racial' family, but also as a result of her social connections with members of different social groups. CSABA KATONA; 'The Most Interesting Princess in Europe' - a Woman Breaking Social Norms at the Turn of the 19'h-20'h centuries. Clara Ward, the American millionaire woman who became known for totally declining and violating social norms and conventions, who left her aristocratic husband for Jancsi Rigó, the leader of a gipsy band. Who was she actually? Was she a vanguardist of women's rights, someone who proclaimed emancipation, a conscious thinker? Or was she a slave of her own desires, who died as a woman without illusions? The paper aims not only the interpretation of her life, but also makes an interesting methodological bypass in the field of source criticism. CSABA T. REISZ: Family Relations of the Painter Andor Dudits. Andor Dudits (1866-1944) was a famous artist of his age, one of his main works is the historical series of seccos in the palace of the National Archives of Hungary at the Bécsi kapu Square (Budapest). This study gives an overview of the almost completely unknown family background of the artist, his supposed or real roots, ancestors and relatives. The Croatian origin Dudits family has possessed Hungarian and other noble titles since the 16th century. Although the relationship between this family and the painter is not yet proved, it was part of the family beliefs. Through marriage connections the family's gentry line entered into family relations with the assimilating Jewish middle-class in the end of the 19th century. The paper unites the virtues of the classic genealogical works and the advantages of the modern research techniques. 2013/4.: DIANA IEGAR: Development of a Rumanian Origin Noble Family in the 14'h-15,h Centuries (The Bilkei Family). The paper discusses the situation and development of a medieval Rumanian elite family living in the territory of the Hungarian Kingdom, in Transylvania and its surroundings (mainly in the Counties of Bereg, Ugocsa and Máramaros) using the history of a random family as an example. It describes the development of the Rumanian origin Bilkei family from the Bereg kenez status in the 14th century through the full right nobility until the beginning of the 16th century and endeavours to examine the unique social behaviour of the family. ELEK SZASZKÓ: The Seal Usage of the Szeri Pósafis. Remarks on the Coat of Arms of the Bár-Kalán Clan. The author revises the work of József Csorna published in 1904 by discovering new data. Despite of the methodological problems of Csorna, Szaszkó sees the following statement referring to the Szeri Pósafis' coat-of-arms as proved: one of the noble families of the medieval Southern-Plain used a rearing lion that emerges from a crescent moon as its coat of arms. It has to be mentioned that it is ambiguous whether this coat of arms can be the same as the one used by their former clan, the Bár-Kaláns in the 13th century. He offers two hypothetical solutions: first he mentions the possibility of the coat of arms reconstruction describing a crescent moon, and then he gives arguments well-known from the professional literature for the lion in the coat of arms. RÓBERT TÖRÖK: Béla Kempelen, the Entrepreneur of Family History. After publishing his earlier article the author stumbled on new facts - first of all brochures and correspondences - which obtain an insight into the business background of Béla Kempelen, the heraldist, the 'merchant', the entrepreneur who directed a family history office. Researchers of the topic have long ago suspected that the creation of the family history works is in connection with the business activities of Kempelen, yet nobody has discussed the matter in detail so far. The study primarily deals with that part of Kempelen's life which can be connected to his professional activities. GÁBOR MIKÓ: First Mention of the Tombstone of King Andrew I. According to tradition the tombstone ornamented with a cross in the crypt of the Abbey of Tihany belongs to King Andrew I., the founder. The so far existing only data that refers to him unquestionably derives from 1807. The author discovered a formerly unknown chronicle entry (Chronicle Gregoriánczi) from the middle part of the 17th century referring to the sepulchre. Even if it cannot be proved with this entry that the slabstone actually covered the tomb of the founder, in any case it testifies that the legend which connected the slabstone with the tomb of the founder of the monastery was not made up by the monks who moved back to Tihany in the 18th century. It dates back much longer, at least to the early times of the modern era. BÉLA VILMOS MIHALIK: TWO Daughters of the Canon? Contributions to the Family History of Ferenc Szengyeli. The study summarizes the family history of an ecclesiastical person of Torda County from the 16th century. It presents the 15,h century ancestors of parson, later Transylvanian canon Ferenc Szengyeli. It also discusses the life of his daughters, which was not at all unique during the era. The descendants of the two daughters of the canon completely fitted in among the members of the Transylvanian lower nobility; the (illegitimate) origin of the two women was registered only because of possessory rights. On the other hand the descendants were also integrated into the protestant circles in a short time.

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