Korunk 2012 (III. folyam 23.)
2012 / 1. szám = A hitel vására - ABSTRACTS
ABSTRACTS Alain de Benoist ■ The State Taken Hostage Keywords: deregulation, profit, capital, financial crisis, deposits, unemployment, impoverishment, inequality The political class proceeded to the gradual deregulation of the monetary markets as a result of the lobby activities by the financial circles, a phenomenon which then has led to major profits through speculations, while it also removed the capital from the producing sector. At the same time, free competition also furthered the participation of such countries on the market, in which the wages are low, while the productivity is high. Since 1999, deregulation, which is in an essential accord both with the logic of the global market and the expectations of the World Trade Organization, has eliminated all major custom restrictions, and liquidated preferential community politics in Europe. As a consequence, the acceleration of the inflow and outflow of speculative capital further increased the volatility of the value of deposits, while it also aggravated the consequences of the crisis. These consequences are all well-known: the increasing frequency of delocalization, the liquidation of industrial units, the lowering of the wages, employment insecurity, increasing unemployment, as well as the leaking out of financial capital. The definitive outcome of this wave of deregulation consists in the further enrichment of the rich, while the incomes of the middle class and the poor did not increase, or even decreased. The inequality between incomes is increasing everywhere, unemployment is rising, and the difference between profits associated with productivity and middlelevel wages also increases. Noémi Zsuzsanna Both ■ Historical Narratives of the Hungarian Conquest Keywords: academic history, national history, conquest, legitimating discourses, Romanian and Hungarian historiography As a consequence of postmodern historiography, the historians had to give up the faith of reconstructing the past wie es eigentlich gewesen. Nevertheless, the category of historical facts didn’t cease to fascinate both scholars and the wider public. The historical narrative of reconstructing the Hungarian conquest bears equally great importance in the Romanian and Hungarian historiography, therefore, both sides aim to integrate the event in the national historical narrative in a way to meet certain criteria. As a result, one can read two incompatible history of the Hungarian conquest. This study (Hungarian conquest in contemporary Hungarian and Romanian historiography), considering the contemporary academic scholarship of the mentioned nations, compares the factual information about this event which fundamentally contradict each other in the two narratives (the connotation of the terminology used to designate events, significance of conquest, time of event and affected spaces, the sources used by historians and their method). At the same time, we tried to suggest possible answers regarding the reason of being for these parallel developed discourses on the professional, political and public level. Levente Salat ■ The Political Community from the Perspective of the Majority-Minority Relationship Keywords: Romania, Hungarian minority, elites, integration, mistrust, political community The successive attempts of the Hungarian minority’s elite to seek integration into the Romanian state, first between the two World Wars and then after 1945, under the communist rule, have led subsequently to two equally unfavorable conclusions: first, the way in which the leaders of the community think about the terms of the integration is in conflict with the interests of the Romanian majority, and, second, the perseverance of the Hungarian minority to seek integration on its own terms bred the mistrust of the Romanian authorities. Though the deeprooted tradition of the institutionalized mistrust proved to be a difficult legacy, since 1989 the situation of the Hungarian minority in Romania has improved in many concerns. In spite of the undeniable achievements, the conflicting interests of the two communities could not be reconciled, and the options of the Romanians and Hungarians, as far as the issue of integration is concerned, con-127 >DC 2012/1